Customized safety tests for lithium batteries mainly include the following aspects: safety tests such as overcharge, short circuit, acupuncture, extrusion, and heavy impact are required, and the battery does not catch fire or explode. The following are specific methods:
1. overcharge test
The lithium battery is customized to be fully charged, and the overcharge test is carried out according to 3C overcharge. When the battery is overcharged, the voltage rises to a certain voltage and stabilizes for a period of time. When the battery voltage rises to a certain limit, the high cap of the battery is pulled off, the voltage drops to 0V, and the battery does not catch fire or explode.
2. Short circuit test
After the battery is fully charged, short-circuit the positive and negative electrodes of the battery with a wire with a resistance of not more than 50mΩ, and test the surface temperature change of the battery. The maximum surface temperature of the battery is 140 ℃, and the battery cap is pulled open, and the battery does not catch fire or explode.
3. Acupuncture Test
A fully charged battery was placed on a flat surface and punctured radially with a 3mm diameter steel needle. The test battery does not catch fire or explode.
4. Extrusion test
Place the fully charged battery on a plane, apply a squeezing force of 13 1KN by the oil pressure cylinder, and squeeze the battery by a steel rod plane with a diameter of 32mm. Once the squeezing pressure reaches the maximum, stop squeezing, and the battery will not catch fire or explode.
5. Heavy Impact Test
After the battery is fully charged, it is placed on a plane, a steel column with a diameter of 15.8mm is vertically placed in the center of the battery, and a weight of 9.1kg is freely dropped from a height of 610mm to the steel column above the battery, so that the battery does not catch fire or explode.